Historical PM2.5 records
Jackson's worst air quality days
Based on the available regulatory-monitor record since 1999, June 24, 2005 ranks as Jackson's most severe daily PM2.5 day: 49.4 µg/m³ (AQI 135, unhealthy for sensitive groups), about 2.2 cigarettes in a day.
- Daily rank
- #1
- Period of record
- Since 1999
- Peak daily PM2.5
- 49.4 µg/m³
- About
- 2.2 cigarettes
- Status
- Finalized
Current conditions on the smoke map → Data through May 31, 2026 · page built August 26, 2026
How this is measured sources, the daily measure, and what this ranking is not
Source. Daily PM2.5 from the U.S. EPA Air Quality System (AQS) , back to 1999, across 6 EPA monitors in the Jackson, MS metro area (CBSA). Days after May 31, 2026 are preliminary AirNow readings, marked provisional, and re-rank once EPA certifies them (usually the following spring).
The daily measure. "Worst area" is the metro's highest credible monitor each day, with lone bad-monitor spikes dropped (the raw single-monitor max before that filter is in the data but not charted). "Metro average" averages every monitor. The unit choice re-reads the same value as µg/m³, cigarette-equivalents (PM2.5 ÷ 22, Berkeley Earth, an illustration rather than a medical reading), or the EPA 2024 PM2.5 AQI.
Official AQI. EPA's reported metro AQI uses the single worst monitor of any pollutant, so it can run higher than the values here. The highest official daily AQI among the ranked days is 177 on August 7, 1999 (defining pollutant Ozone).
What this ranking is not. It does not attribute days to wildfire smoke: a high-PM2.5 day can be dust, fireworks, an inversion, or industry. The wildfire-smoke event ranking below arrives with a published attribution method.
Jackson's monitoring record is thinner than most, 5,567 days since 1999, with gaps between them. The ranking is real, but treat it as indicative rather than a complete accounting.
What were Jackson's worst days?
| Rank | Date | Air event | PM2.5 / cigarettes |
|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | June 24, 2005 | Regional secondary PM Likely | 49.4 µg/m³ · 2.2 cigs |
| #2 | September 11, 2002 | Stagnant pollution mixture Possible | 48.2 µg/m³ · 2.2 cigs |
| #3 | August 7, 1999 | Temperature inversion Possible | 45.5 µg/m³ · 2.1 cigs |
| #4 | July 20, 2000 | Cause not established after standard review Review complete | 41.7 µg/m³ · 1.9 cigs |
| #5 | October 30, 2000 | Cause not established after standard review Review complete | 41.4 µg/m³ · 1.9 cigs |
| #6 | June 26, 2020 | Dust Agency determination | 40.7 µg/m³ · 1.9 cigs |
| #7 | July 24, 2001 | Cause not established after standard review Review complete | 40.3 µg/m³ · 1.8 cigs |
| #8 | August 15, 2018 | Dust Possible | 40.1 µg/m³ · 1.8 cigs |
| #9 | May 12, 2000 | Cause not established after standard review Review complete | 39.4 µg/m³ · 1.8 cigs |
| #10 | October 27, 2000 | Cause not established after standard review Review complete | 38.5 µg/m³ · 1.8 cigs |
| #11 | February 19, 2011 | Mixed causes Possible | 38.2 µg/m³ · 1.7 cigs |
| #12 | September 10, 2005 | Temperature inversion Possible | 37.6 µg/m³ · 1.7 cigs |
| #13 | February 28, 2023 | Prescribed fire EPA monitor flag | 37.6 µg/m³ · 1.7 cigs |
| #14 | June 13, 2022 | Dust Agency determination | 37.2 µg/m³ · 1.7 cigs |
| #15 | August 14, 2001 | Cause not established after standard review Review complete | 37.1 µg/m³ · 1.7 cigs |
What caused Jackson's worst days?
The air-event catalog has named 11 episodes affecting Jackson, each resolved to a cause only where retained evidence supports it: EPA monitor qualifiers, NWS alerts, agency statements, and reporting. The ranking above stays cause-neutral; this is where the causes live.
- Prescribed fire 2026-03-01 prescribed-fire smoke episode affecting Jackson, MS
- Prescribed fire 2023 February 28 Jackson prescribed-fire smoke episode
- Dust June 2022 Gulf and southern Plains Saharan-dust episode
- Other 2022-02-15 Jackson, MS another explicitly identified source episode
- Dust Late-June 2020 Saharan dust plume
- Dust 2018-08-15 Jackson, MS dust episode
5 more, plus every named episode and its evidence is in the air events.
Jackson air season · summer so far, through July 27
Jackson's summer is the 9th-worst of 13 on record.
The summer season in every year since 1999, measured over the same window, June 1 to July 27, so each is compared at the same point. All fine particulate the metro's monitors recorded, from every source.
Where 2026 stands
The race, summer by summer
Every summer on record
| Rank | Season | Cigs | Average µg/m³ | Worst day | Unhealthy days | Coverage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2011 | 42.1 cig · 16.3 µg/m³ avg | 16.3 | 34.1 | 0 | 100% |
| 2 | 2014 | 35.6 cig · 13.7 µg/m³ avg | 13.7 | 26.8 | 0 | 100% |
| 3 | 2018 | 33.8 cig · 13 µg/m³ avg | 13 | 28.4 | 0 | 100% |
| 4 | 2023 | 31.8 cig · 12.3 µg/m³ avg | 12.3 | 21.7 | 0 | 100% |
| 5 | 2020 | 29.9 cig · 11.6 µg/m³ avg | 11.6 | 40.7 | 0 | 100% |
| 6 | 2025 | 29.9 cig · 11.5 µg/m³ avg | 11.5 | 25.2 | 0 | 100% |
| 7 | 2019 | 29.7 cig · 11.5 µg/m³ avg | 11.5 | 25.8 | 0 | 100% |
| 8 | 2013 | 28.8 cig · 11.1 µg/m³ avg | 11.1 | 24.1 | 0 | 100% |
| 9 | 2026 | 27.3 cig · 10.7 µg/m³ avg | 10.7 | 24.4 | 0 | 98% |
| 10 | 2022 | 27.2 cig · 10.5 µg/m³ avg | 10.5 | 37.2 | 0 | 100% |
| 11 | 2021 | 25.1 cig · 9.7 µg/m³ avg | 9.7 | 21 | 0 | 100% |
| 12 | 2024 | 21.8 cig · 8.4 µg/m³ avg | 8.4 | 15.9 | 0 | 100% |
| 13 | 2017 | 21.3 cig · 8.4 µg/m³ avg | 8.4 | 20.5 | 0 | 98% |
What this measures, and what it does not
Each bar is the sum of Jackson's robust metro daily PM2.5 readings across the summer season through July 27, in µg/m³-days, divided by 22 µg/m³ to give cigarette-equivalents. Earlier seasons are cut at the same point in the season, so this is like-for-like rather than full-season totals. The cigarette figure is an illustration of exposure, not a medical equivalence.
It counts all fine particulate the monitors recorded, whatever produced it: wildfire smoke, traffic, industry, fireworks. It is not a smoke-only measure. The documented smoke events shown alongside explain particular spikes; they do not define the ranking, and that catalog only begins in .
Context for reading the ranking: regional fine-particulate levels have fallen substantially since the early 2000s, which is why seasons from that era rank high on season totals while recent seasons rank high on single-day peaks.
A season is ranked only where monitors reported on at least 60% of the window's days, since below that a low total would reflect missing instruments rather than clean air. Excluded on those grounds: 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2015, 2016. Readings for 2026 after the certified EPA archive are provisional AirNow values and may be revised.
How does it compare?
The record is 2% higher than the next-worst day: 49.4 µg/m³ (June 24, 2005) against 48.2 µg/m³ (September 11, 2002).
How unusual is air like this?
Every measured day near Jackson, by daily PM2.5; the record stands far out on the right. 18 days at "unhealthy for sensitive groups" or worse, 0 at "unhealthy", 0 at "very unhealthy" (2024 EPA thresholds, across 5,567 measured days).
Year by year (1999–2026)
Worst single day each year, by the selected measure.
Why did reported numbers differ?
During a major event, AirNow, weather apps, news reports, and neighborhood monitors can all show different figures at the same moment. All of them can be right:
- Concentration vs AQI. µg/m³ is the measurement; AQI is a 0 to 500 index derived from it. "330 µg/m³" and "AQI 500" can describe the same air.
- Hourly vs NowCast vs daily. An hourly peak, the NowCast rolling estimate apps display, and the full-day average answer different questions; this page ranks full days.
- One monitor vs a composite. A single sensor can read far above or below a citywide figure. The measure toggle above shows both framings.
- Live vs certified. Real-time feeds get corrected when EPA certifies data months later, which is why recent days here carry a provisional label.
What about indoors?
Citywide monitors can tell you what happened outside. They cannot tell you what happened inside a particular home, school, or facility: filtration, ventilation, and building operation decide that. During and after days like the ones above, outdoor particles become an indoor load question.
Check current conditions and the next clean-air window → Estimate recent filter load where you are →
Common questions
- What was the worst air-quality day in Jackson?
- June 24, 2005, when daily PM2.5 reached 49.4 µg/m³ (AQI 135), about 2.2 cigarette-equivalents. It ranks first of 5,567 monitored days since 1999.
- What is the highest AQI recorded in Jackson?
- On the worst day, the daily PM2.5 AQI reached 135 (Unhealthy for sensitive groups). EPA's official metro AQI, which uses the single worst monitor of any pollutant, peaked at 177 on August 7, 1999.
- Were these days caused by wildfire smoke?
- This page ranks measured PM2.5 without assigning a cause: a high day can be smoke, fireworks, dust, an inversion, or industry. A separate wildfire-smoke event ranking, using a published attribution method with its version disclosed, is the next layer of this catalog.
- How often does Jackson get air this bad?
- Rarely. The record sits at the far end of 5,567 measured days; Jackson averages 0 "unhealthy" days a year.
- Why did different apps show different numbers that day?
- Concentration (µg/m³) and AQI are different scales; hourly, NowCast, and daily values answer different questions; a single monitor differs from a citywide composite; and live feeds get revised when EPA certifies data. This page uses the certified daily record, with the provisional tail labeled.
Data and citation
Ranked days for both measures are downloadable, with units and status flags: jackson.csv. Source: U.S. EPA Air Quality System (AQS) daily PM2.5, with preliminary AirNow readings for the uncertified tail. Cite as:
IAQng Air Records: Jackson, MS. iaqng.com/records/jackson. Data: U.S. EPA AQS and AirNow. Accessed August 26, 2026.