← Air events

Temperature inversion Likely

2017-02-01 to 2017-02-02 Ogden-Clearfield, UT and Provo-Orem, UT temperature-inversion pollution episode

February 1, 2017 to February 2, 2017

Daily PM2.5 peaked at 75.3 µg/m³ near Provo across 2 covered metros home to 1.4 million people.

Counting the extra PM2.5 above each metro's typical day, this event handed the average affected resident ≈ 2.8 cigarettes. Across everyone living in the affected metros, that is the collective equivalent of ≈ 3.9 million cigarettes. An awareness illustration of outdoor exposure at 22 µg/m³ per cigarette (Berkeley Earth), counting only the event's ranked days; not a medical dose.

Why we think this happened

The basis for “Temperature inversion”

Exact-date meteorological observations and peer-reviewed sampling identify a deep valley cold pool capped by a strong inversion with unhealthy PM2.5.

Likely Applicable reporting or a supported inference makes this the best current causal explanation.

Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Air Quality · Mar 16, 2018 official

2017 Utah Winter Fine Particulate Study Final Report

The UDAQ-hosted technical report identifies January 27 through February 4, 2017 as a northern Utah pollution episode and assesses persistent cold-air-pool meteorology, trapped emissions, and secondary ammonium-nitrate formation during the episode. Its measurements and analysis explicitly include Utah Valley sites at North Provo and Lindon, supporting winter inversion and associated secondary-particle formation for the Provo-Orem portion of the supplied February 1 event. It does not directly assess the supplied Ogden-Clearfield portion.

University of Utah / Wasatch Weather Weenies · Feb 1, 2017 corroborates

A Thinning Cold Pool

A University of Utah meteorologist documented a deep valley cold pool capped by a strong inversion and unhealthy PM2.5 across the Great Salt Lake and Utah Lake valleys during the event.

See every retained source and limitation ↓

Sequence: Provo (Feb 1) → Ogden (Feb 2)

Evidence path

From source to city

A cause is more convincing when the record connects three things: something happened, the air mass moved toward the region, and local instruments responded. Here is how much of that chain is documented for this event.

Open the evidence ledger ↓
  1. 1

    Source or mechanism

    Temperature inversion

    A University of Utah meteorologist documented a deep valley cold pool capped by a strong inversion and unhealthy PM2.5 across the Great Salt Lake and Utah Lake valleys during the event.

    View supporting source ↗
    Documented
  2. 2

    Air-mass movement

    The transport path has not been reconstructed

    The retained record does not yet show how air traveled from the proposed source to these metros. A trajectory replay or dated plume analysis belongs here.

    Research gap
  3. 3

    Local response

    75.3 µg/m³ near Provo

    EPA monitors recorded the event across 2 metros. The peak daily concentration is roughly 3.4 cigarette-equivalents at the outdoor daily rate.

    Inspect the pollutant and weather signals ↓
    Documented

Event autopsy

What the instruments saw

Before, during, and after the episode: nearby pollutant monitors and surface-weather stations show what changed. This context tests the “Temperature inversion” explanation; it does not assign the cause by itself.

Observed context · not attribution

Provo-Orem, UT

Monitor comparison window 2017-01-29 to 2017-02-05 · PM2.5 target: Spanish Fork

5 pollutant signals
Fine-particle pulse 37.4 µg/m³

58% above nearby days

PM10 73.8 µg/m³

95% higher than surrounding days

Pollution fingerprint

Metro-wide median of reporting monitors
PM2.5 37.4 µg/m³

58% higher than surrounding days

Before49.6 µg/m³ Event37.4 µg/m³ After3.15 µg/m³
3 monitors · 24 HOUR
PM10 73.8 µg/m³

95% higher than surrounding days

Before65 µg/m³ Event73.8 µg/m³ After10.5 µg/m³
2 monitors · 24 HOUR
Carbon monoxide 0.868 ppm

33% higher than surrounding days

Before0.775 ppm Event0.868 ppm After0.412 ppm
1 monitor · 1 HOUR
Nitrogen dioxide 46.2 ppb

28% higher than surrounding days

Before41.8 ppb Event46.2 ppb After20.1 ppb
1 monitor · 1 HOUR
Ozone 0.012 ppm

44% lower than surrounding days

Before0.021 ppm Event0.012 ppm After0.030 ppm
2 monitors · 8-HR RUN AVG BEGIN HOUR

Atmospheric conditions

Nearby EPA weather observations
Humidity 70 %

About the same as surrounding days

Temperature 36.5 °F

About the same as surrounding days

Source: U.S. EPA AirData daily observations and, where available, nearby ASOS/AWOS surface observations. Values are descriptive medians over the retained monitor set; missing measurements remain missing. Transport and source evidence remain separate layers because this instrument pattern does not assign a cause by itself.

Measured daily PM2.5 at EPA monitors, as cigarette-equivalents
EPA monitors sit in metro areas, so the colour clusters there. Land between and beyond them is unmeasured, not clean: this map shows where IAQng has readings, not the extent of the smoke.

Episode peak

-- cigarettes

The smoke map's scale, replayed over this event: the surface interpolates between covered metros' daily records, framed to the affected region. Hover for a reading, click a metro to pin it to the card. Days a monitor did not report draw nothing.

Views from the selected metro

Camera views near

Browse the camera map →

Select a metro on the map to see nearby cameras. Where an operator archive reaches the event, drag the divider to compare two moments, adjust either date and time, or play the available event-day frames. Camera imagery is visual context, not an air-quality measurement or proof of smoke.

Affected metros

MetroPeak PM2.5Cigarettes, whole eventPeak dayAll-time standing
Provo-Orem, UT 75.3 µg/m³ 3.4 Feb 1, 2017 #19 of its top days
Ogden-Clearfield, UT 60.1 µg/m³ 2.7 Feb 2, 2017 #18 of its top days

"Cigarettes, whole event" totals a metro's ranked event days at 22 µg/m³ per cigarette: what a person outdoors there breathed across the event, as the illustration. "All-time standing" is where this episode's days sit in each metro's ranked record (worst-area measure, since 1999). Full local context is on each metro's Air Records page.

Public evidence library

What supports this account

Each card states what a source supports—and what it does not. Official records, research, reporting, community observations, and transparent inferences remain visibly different kinds of evidence.

1 retained source

Official record

A Thinning Cold Pool

University of Utah / Wasatch Weather Weenies

A University of Utah meteorologist documented a deep valley cold pool capped by a strong inversion and unhealthy PM2.5 across the Great Salt Lake and Utah Lake valleys during the event.

What it supports

A retained source supports the attributed cause for the stated place and dates.

Limit

The source explains accumulation but not the emission-source mixture.

What remains uncertain

Status and provenance

Likely Applicable reporting or a supported inference makes this the best current causal explanation.

This episode was grouped from the monitor record by the catalog pipeline and given its cause from the evidence listed above. It has not been individually reviewed and signed off, so its boundaries, cause, and name may change as evidence accumulates. Grouping policy common_sense_root_cause_grouping.v2. The cause label reflects the assembled evidence above, not an IAQng detection formula. If it is wrong, tell us.