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Wildfire smoke Corroborated

2021-03-09 Kansas City wildfire-smoke episode

March 9, 2021 · Origin: Kansas City, MO-KS

Daily PM2.5 peaked at 41.1 µg/m³ near Kansas City across 1 covered metro home to 2.3 million people.

Counting the extra PM2.5 above each metro's typical day, this event handed the average affected resident ≈ 1.4 cigarettes. Across everyone living in the affected metros, that is the collective equivalent of ≈ 3.1 million cigarettes. An awareness illustration of outdoor exposure at 22 µg/m³ per cigarette (Berkeley Earth), counting only the event's ranked days; not a medical dose.

Why we think this happened

The basis for “Wildfire smoke”

Supplied qualified evidence supports wildfire-smoke as the root cause. The grouping includes only events linked by explicit shared episode evidence; otherwise this remains a single-event episode.

Corroborated Independent reporting agrees on the cause, with no agency determination, monitor flag, or published assessment behind it.

KSHB 41 · Mar 9, 2021 corroborates

Haze, smokey smell from southern wildfires coat Kansas City

The opened report states that strong southerly winds transported smoke from Oklahoma, Arkansas, and southern Missouri wildfires into Kansas City and that local air quality became unhealthy. It also notes prescribed burns, leaving some source-mixture uncertainty.

See every retained source and limitation ↓

Evidence path

From source to city

A cause is more convincing when the record connects three things: something happened, the air mass moved toward the region, and local instruments responded. Here is how much of that chain is documented for this event.

Open the evidence ledger ↓
  1. 1

    Source or mechanism

    Wildfire smoke

    The opened report states that strong southerly winds transported smoke from Oklahoma, Arkansas, and southern Missouri wildfires into Kansas City and that local air quality became unhealthy. It also notes prescribed burns, leaving some source-mixture…

    View supporting source ↗
    Documented
  2. 2

    Air-mass movement

    The transport path has not been reconstructed

    The retained record does not yet show how air traveled from the proposed source to these metros. A trajectory replay or dated plume analysis belongs here.

    Research gap
  3. 3

    Local response

    41.1 µg/m³ near Kansas City

    EPA monitors recorded the event across 1 metro. The peak daily concentration is roughly 1.9 cigarette-equivalents at the outdoor daily rate.

    Inspect the pollutant and weather signals ↓
    Documented

Event autopsy

What the instruments saw

Before, during, and after the episode: nearby pollutant monitors and surface-weather stations show what changed. This context tests the “Wildfire smoke” explanation; it does not assign the cause by itself.

Observed context · not attribution

Kansas City, MO-KS

Monitor comparison window 2021-03-06 to 2021-03-12 · PM2.5 target: Troost

6 pollutant signals
Fine-particle pulse 35.8 µg/m³

219% above nearby days

Air movement 13 kt

67% higher than surrounding days

PM10 68.5 µg/m³

69% higher than surrounding days

Pollution fingerprint

Metro-wide median of reporting monitors
PM2.5 35.8 µg/m³

219% higher than surrounding days

Before17.7 µg/m³ Event35.8 µg/m³ After5.59 µg/m³
6 monitors · 1 HOUR
PM10 68.5 µg/m³

69% higher than surrounding days

Before40.5 µg/m³ Event68.5 µg/m³ After15 µg/m³
4 monitors · 24-HR BLK AVG
Carbon monoxide 0.257 ppm

23% higher than surrounding days

Before0.246 ppm Event0.257 ppm After0.167 ppm
2 monitors · 1 HOUR
Nitrogen dioxide 5.94 ppb

12% lower than surrounding days

Before7.79 ppb Event5.94 ppb After6.70 ppb
3 monitors · 1 HOUR
Sulfur dioxide 1 ppb

35% higher than surrounding days

Before0.873 ppb Event1 ppb After0.713 ppb
2 monitors · 1 HOUR
Ozone 0.047 ppm

9% higher than surrounding days

Before0.043 ppm Event0.047 ppm After0.033 ppm
8 monitors · 8-HR RUN AVG BEGIN HOUR

Atmospheric conditions

Nearby EPA weather observations
Humidity 49.5 %

5% lower than surrounding days

Pressure 982 Millibars

About the same as surrounding days

Temperature 62.9 °F

11% higher than surrounding days

Wind 13 kt

67% higher than surrounding days

Source: U.S. EPA AirData daily observations and, where available, nearby ASOS/AWOS surface observations. Values are descriptive medians over the retained monitor set; missing measurements remain missing. Transport and source evidence remain separate layers because this instrument pattern does not assign a cause by itself.

Measured daily PM2.5 at EPA monitors, as cigarette-equivalents
EPA monitors sit in metro areas, so the colour clusters there. Land between and beyond them is unmeasured, not clean: this map shows where IAQng has readings, not the extent of the smoke.

Episode peak

-- cigarettes

The smoke map's scale, replayed over this event: the surface interpolates between covered metros' daily records, framed to the affected region. Hover for a reading, click a metro to pin it to the card. Days a monitor did not report draw nothing.

Affected metros

MetroPeak PM2.5Cigarettes, whole eventPeak dayAll-time standing
Kansas City, MO-KS 41.1 µg/m³ 1.9 Mar 9, 2021 #16 of its top days

"Cigarettes, whole event" totals a metro's ranked event days at 22 µg/m³ per cigarette: what a person outdoors there breathed across the event, as the illustration. "All-time standing" is where this episode's days sit in each metro's ranked record (worst-area measure, since 1999). Full local context is on each metro's Air Records page.

Public evidence library

What supports this account

Each card states what a source supports—and what it does not. Official records, research, reporting, community observations, and transparent inferences remain visibly different kinds of evidence.

News discovery (GDELT) 1

  • Haze, smokey smell from southern wildfires coat Kansas City

    KSHB 41 · Lindsey Anderson and Katelyn Brown · Mar 9, 2021 corroborates

    The opened report states that strong southerly winds transported smoke from Oklahoma, Arkansas, and southern Missouri wildfires into Kansas City and that local air quality became unhealthy. It also notes prescribed burns, leaving some source-mixture uncertainty.

What remains uncertain

Status and provenance

Corroborated Independent reporting agrees on the cause, with no agency determination, monitor flag, or published assessment behind it.

This episode was grouped from the monitor record by the catalog pipeline and given its cause from the evidence listed above. It has not been individually reviewed and signed off, so its boundaries, cause, and name may change as evidence accumulates. Grouping policy common_sense_root_cause_grouping.v2. The cause label reflects the assembled evidence above, not an IAQng detection formula. If it is wrong, tell us.